Essay about Women Behaving Like Men in Antigone,...

Women Behaving Like Men in Antigone, Electra, and Medea Throughout Antigone, Electra, and Medea, many double standards between men and women surface. These become obvious when one selects a hero from these plays, for upon choosing, then one must rationalize his or her choice. The question then arises as to what characteristics make up the hero. How does the character win fame? What exactly is excellent about that character? These questions must be answered in order to choose a hero in these Greek tragedies. In historic Greece, the characteristics of a hero were for the most part left only for men to achieve. Heroes were viewed as those who were kind to friends, vicious to enemies. They were also men who risked†¦show more content†¦Creon’s first law as king, that of refusing burial to Polyneices, was directly contradictory of the unwritten rights of the dead. Antigone, however, realized that the laws of the gods and the piety to her brother eclipsed those laws of Creon, her rationale being that â€Å"it was not Zeus who published this decree, nor have the Powers who rule among the dead imposed such laws as this upon mankind† (Antigone 16). Admirably, and heroically, she was willing to give her life to fulfill her obligations to the gods and her brother. However, Electra’s kleos was achieved differently then that of her Theban counterpart, for she acted in hatred and vengeance, and out of love, to win her fame. To avenge her father, she believed she must kill her mother, but one has to wonder if her only motivation is vengeance. The truth is she had grown to hate her mother, to hate everything about her, although much of this hate was justifiable. After all, not only was Clytemnestra responsible for the death of Agamemnon, but she was also responsible for the exile of Orestes and the slave-like treatment of Electra herself. Through Electra’s participation with Orestes in the murder of Clytemnestra and Aegisthus, she won her fame, or perhaps, notoriety. On the other hand, she was like Antigone in that her excellence lay in her loyalty to family, or at least the family who loved her. Her love for her father and for OrestesShow MoreRelatedEssay on The Lives of Athenian Women1880 Words   |  8 PagesWomen in classical Athens could not have had an extremely enjoyable experience, if we rely on literary sources concerning the roles of women within the Greek polis. The so-called Athenian democracy only benefited a fraction of the entire population. At least half of this population was female, yet women seem to have had very little influence and few official civic rights. `The position of women...is a subject which has provoked much controversy. (Lacey: 1968, 151). Studies concerning the

Running Head Youths And Gangs - 3604 Words

Running Head: YOUTHS AND GANGS IN SCHOOL 1 YOUTHS AND GANGS IN SCHOOL 14 Youths and Gangs in School Antoinette Harrison Central Penn College Abstract It is common and sagacious to have a look at the mental health, psychology, and educational concerns about our youth and children as they do pose distinct and separate problems that include truancy, bullying, dropouts from school, substance abuse, and gangs among other things. It is, however, not surprising that different policy makers and various professionals have established practices that tend to deal with these†¦show more content†¦Besides the fact that it highlights primary concerns, the paper provides a sampling of different resources and references for all the interested parties and give way forward when it comes to the issue of youths and gangs in schools. Background introduction Aside from our families, it is important to realize that the school is the first secular institution where our teens socialize in great depth. Not only do youths spend most of their time in school but until they reach an age where dropout and chronic truancy become a problem, all of them are usually enrolled actively in different school settings. The school, therefore, is always in a better position to influence the behavior of a young person (Brandt, Sidway, Dvorsky, Weist, 2012). The school is usually responsible for proving successful instructions when it comes to social competencies and developing the youth s beliefs and attitudes that are not favorable when it comes to the involvement with gangs or the growing of group behavior. It is only in schools where gang involvement may be reduced. Young individuals who are not really into the school system, those people who perform poorly in school, and those people who are not totally committed to their educatio n are the more likely bunch of young people who tends to developShow MoreRelatedThe Rate Of Youth Gangs Essay1744 Words   |  7 Pagesone on one and I was not exposed to gangs back home. Since I was new to the country and my English was very bad, I was vulnerable to being bullied. In fact, I was bullied. I was tired of being a victim and was so interested in joining one of the gangs for protection. Then, I realized that these gangs were involved in all sort criminal activities which discouraged me from joining one of the gangs in school. In this paper, I will first discuss the rate of youth gangs and some of their contributions toRead MoreThe El Salvadoran Government Adopted985 Words   |  4 Pagescombat MS-13 and other street gangs in 2003. The measures provided were colloquially referred to as Mano Dura or Firm Hand. The government felt that that they had waited long enough to take action against the increasing threat of gang activity and would now meet the challenge head on with brutal tactics. The first Ley Anti-Mara was immediately controversial. It criminalized gang association, allowing El Salvadoran police forces to arrest and imprison suspected gang members on the spot. The lawRead MoreJuvenile Gang Pros And Cons1510 Words   |  7 Pagesunknown to the world. They can be found in any corner of the world and any ethnic/racial background. Gangs have been around since humans learned how to get into organized groups. This was about around the time of the middle ages. In fact, the first recorded history of such gangs was in the city of London (Sheldon., Tracy and Brown, 1996). For America, it was not until the early 1800s when juvenile gangs became a problem (Sheldon., Tracy and Brown, 1996). This being due to the social and economic problemsRead MoreGang Involvement : Membership, Violence, Crime And Juvenile Delinquency3474 Words   |  14 PagesRunning head: GANGS: MEMBERSHIP, VIOLENCE/CRIME AND JUVENILE DELINQUENCY Gangs: Membership, Violence, Crime and Juvenile Delinquency By Dominique Dillon St. John’s University CRM 119 Dominique Dillon October 22nd 2014 Running head: GANGS: MEMBERSHIP, VIOLENCE/CRIME AND JUVENILE DELINQUENCY Annotated Bibliography Alleyne, Emma Wood, Jane L., (2011). Gang Involvement: Social and Environment Factors. Crime and Delinquency 60 (4) 547-568. Using the stereotypes of the AmericanRead MoreEssay On Collaboration Initiative1173 Words   |  5 Pagescollaboration initiative is when two or more people or groups come together to work and collaborate to accomplish a mutual goal. The foundation will be awarding a grant to an agency that unifies the city and brings awareness to the drug and gun violence our youth are currently facing. There are many positive aspects to collaboration by creating an opportunity for concerned citizens to come together and combined their collective ideas and knowledge about what would work in their city and what would not workRead MoreCharacteristics Of Chicago Gang Gangs988 Words   |  4 Pagescharacteristics of Chicago’s gangs of the 1920 was the division across ethnic lines. In other words, representatives of the same ethnic group stuck together and frowned upon the inclusion of outsiders into their gangs. Of course, larger gangs were often multiethnic, but their core was predominantly mo noethnic. The same tendency prevailed across the country, as gangs in New York and Philadelphia were also increasingly homogenous. Asian triads, Italian mafia, Irish and Jewish gangs were all incestuous organizationsRead MoreUnified Codes of Behavior for Soccer Essay1413 Words   |  6 Pageshearts just as the bible can change people who read it. In this paper, the reader will understand how soccer has changed throughout the years, what the ideals of a unified code are in this sport, as well as the differences and similarities between youth and professional. Many people have heard the saying, soccer is a gentlemens sport, played by hooligans. And rugby is a hooligan sport, played by gentlemen and most probably dont understand the actual meaning behind it. I have been lucky enoughRead MoreEssay on The Psychology of a Female Gang1248 Words   |  5 PagesRunning head: THE PSYCHOLOGY OF A FEMALE GANG Week 7: The Psychology of a Female Gang Latoya J. Valentine Everest University CCJ 4656-1 Gang Activity and Drug Operations – 1 Professor Brad  Anders 11/25/12 Instructional Activity As research and understanding of female gangs is imperfect or lacking, the criminal justice system would benefit by developing new methods for dealing with the increasing number of female gangs. To be effective, law enforcement officials should first acknowledgeRead MoreUnique Juvenile Situations Faced by Correctional Officers1315 Words   |  6 PagesRUNNING HEAD: UNIQUE SITUATIONS WHEN DEALING WITH JUVENILES Unique Situations When Dealing With Juveniles Corrections Professor Sunshine Richards Juvenile crime rates have been a main concern for law enforcement officials throughout the past several decades. â€Å"Over the past several decades, the number of juvenile arrests have been relatively stable except for increases in juvenile violent crime, as murder arrests for juvenile offenders increased by 93 percent during the 1980s and arrestsRead MoreGangs in Prison Essay1447 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Prison gangs are originally formed by inmates as a way of protecting themselves from the other inmates. These gangs have turned out to be violent and thus posing a threat to security. This paper will have a look at the different gangs in prisons, their history, beliefs and missions, and the differences and similarities in these gangs. The Aryan Brotherhood The Aryan Brotherhood started in 1964 was founded by Tyler Bingham and Barry Mills who were white supremacists and Irish American

What Is Decision Fatigue Definition and Examples

Decision fatigue occurs when people feel exhausted from making too many choices. Psychologists have found that, even though we generally like having choices, having to make too many decisions in a short amount of time may lead us to make decisions that are less than optimal. Key Takeaways: Decision Fatigue Although having choices is good for our well-being, psychologists have found that having to make too many choices can have detrimental consequences.When we have to make too many choices in a short span of time, we may experience a type of mental fatigue known as ego depletion.By limiting how many inconsequential decisions we need to make and scheduling decision-making for times when we feel most alert, we may be able to make better decisions. The Downside of Too Many Choices Imagine you’re at the grocery store, trying to quickly pick up a few things for dinner that night. For each ingredient, would you rather choose from several different options, or would you prefer having dozens of options available to choose from? Many of us would probably guess that we’d be happier with more options in scenarios like this. However, researchers have found that this isn’t necessarily the case—in some scenarios, we actually seem to do better when we have a more limited set of options. In one research paper, psychologists Sheena Iyengar and Mark Lepper looked at the consequences of being given either many or few choices. Researchers set up displays at a supermarket where shoppers could sample different flavors of jam. Crucially, sometimes the display was set up to give participants a relatively limited set of options (6 flavors) and other times it was set up to give participants a wider range of options (24 flavors). While more people stopped by the display when there were more choices, the people who stopped weren’t very likely to actually purchase the jam. The researchers found that participants who had seen the display with more choices were much less likely to actually buy a jar of jam, compared to participants who saw the more limited display—suggesting that having too many choices may have been overwhelming for consumers. In a follow-up study, the researchers found that participants given more choices (i.e. choosing from 30 chocolates instead of 6 chocolates) found the decision-making process more enjoyable—but also more difficult and frustrating. Moreover, the researchers found that participants who were given more options (those who had chosen from 30 chocolates) were, overall, less satisfied with the choice they made than participants who had been given fewer options. However, participants who had a choice of which chocolate they received (whether they had 6 or 30 options) were more satisfied with the chocolate they picked than participants who had no choice about which chocolate they were given. In other words, we like to have choices, but having too many choices may not necessarily be optimal. While choosing jams or chocolates may seem like a relatively trivial choice, it turns out that being overloaded with too many choices can have real-life consequences. As John Tierney wrote for the New York Times, people who have been overloaded with too many decisions may make poorly thought-out decisions—or even put off making a decision. In fact, researchers have found that prisoners are more likely to be granted parole if their case is heard earlier in the day (or right after a meal break). Exhausted, fatigued judges (who have spent an entire day making decisions) seem to be less likely to grant parole. In another study, people were less likely to participate in a retirement savings plan when they were given more types of funds they could choose to contribute to. Why Does Decision Fatigue Occur? Why do we sometimes find it so surprisingly difficult to make choices, and why do we feel exhausted after choosing? One theory puts forward that making choices causes us to experience a state known as ego depletion. Essentially, the idea behind ego depletion is that we have a certain amount of willpower available to us, and using up energy for one task means that we’re not able to do as well on a subsequent task. In one test of this idea, published in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, researchers looked at how making choices might affect people’s actions on subsequent tasks that also required self-control. In one study, college students were asked to make choices (choosing college courses). Other students were asked to look at the list of courses available, but they were not asked to actually choose which courses they wanted to take. In the next part of the study, participants were given the opportunity to study for a math test—but the researchers also made magazines and a video game available to students. The crucial question was whether the students would spend their time studying (an activity requiring self-discipline), or whether they would procrastinate (for example, by reading the magazines or playing the video game). If making choices caused ego depletion, participants who made choices would be expected to procrastinate more. The researchers found that the ir hypothesis was confirmed: participants who made choices spent less time studying math problems, compared to the participants who hadn’t been required to make choices. In a follow-up study, the researchers found that even making enjoyable decisions can cause this type of fatigue, if one is tasked with making decision after decision. In this study, participants were asked to choose items for a hypothetical wedding registry. The participants who thought this activity would be enjoyable didn’t experience ego depletion if they made fewer choices (working on the task for 4 minutes), but they experienced ego depletion if they were asked to work on the task for longer (12 minutes). In other words, even fun and enjoyable choices can become depleting over time—it seems that it indeed is possible to have â€Å"too much of a good thing.† Does Decision Fatigue Always Happen? Since the original research on decision fatigue and ego depletion was published, newer research has called some of its findings into question. For example, a 2016 paper published in the journal Perspectives on Psychological Science was unable to replicate one of the classic findings from ego depletion research, which means that some psychologists aren’t as confident about studies on ego depletion as they once were. Similarly, psychologists studying choice have found that the â€Å"choice overload† studied by Iyengar and Lepper doesn’t necessarily always occur. Instead, it seems that having too many choices can be paralyzing and overwhelming in some circumstances, but not others. In particular, researchers have found that choice overload seems to occur when the decisions we have to make are especially complicated or difficult. What Can We Do About Decision Fatigue? Virtually everyone would agree that having choices is important. People want to have a feeling of control over their environment, and research has shown that being in uncontrollable situations—where our choices are more limited—has negative consequences for well-being. However, sometimes we have so many choices available to us that choosing among them can be a daunting prospect. In cases like these, researchers have found that the sheer number of choices we make may actually leave us feeling exhausted or worn out. One way to avoid decision fatigue can be to streamline the choices we make and find habits and routines that work for us—instead of making new choices from scratch each day. For example, Matilda Kahl writes in Harper’s Bazaar about selecting a work uniform: every day, she wears essentially the same outfit to work. By not having to choose what to wear, she explains, she’s able to avoid expending the mental energy that goes into picking out an outfit. Of course, not everyone wants to wear the same thing every day, but the principle here is to limit how much of our day is spent making choices that aren’t personally important to us. Other suggestions for managing decision fatigue include making key decisions earlier in the day (before fatigue sets in) and knowing when you might need to take a nap and revisit a problem with fresh eyes. It’s also important to remember that it’s completely normal to feel depleted after working on an activity that requires lots of decisions—even if it’s an activity you like. When we find ourselves facing lots of important decisions in a short period of time, it can be especially important to practice self-care (that is, activities that promote our mental and physical well-being). Sources: Engber, Daniel. â€Å"Everything Is Crumbling.† Slate (2016, Mar. 6). http://www.slate.com/articles/health_and_science/cover_story/2016/03/ego_depletion_an_influential_theory_in_psychology_may_have_just_been_debunked.htmlIyengar, Sheena S. â€Å"How To Make Choosing Easier.† TEDSalon NY2011 (2011, Nov.) https://www.ted.com/talks/sheena_iyengar_choosing_what_to_chooseIyengar, Sheena S., and Mark R. Lepper. When Choice Is Demotivating: Can One Desire Too Much of a Good Thing?.  Journal of Personality and Social Psychology  79.6 (2000): 995-1006. https://psycnet.apa.org/buy/2000-16701-012Kahl, Matilda. â€Å"Why I Wear The Exact Same Thing to Work Every Day.† Harper’s Bazaar (2015, Apr. 3). https://www.harpersbazaar.com/culture/features/a10441/why-i-wear-the-same-thing-to-work-everday/MacKay, Jory. â€Å"5 Ways To Prevent Decision Fatigue From Ruining Your Productivity.† Fast Company (2018, Feb 21). https://www.fastcompany.com/40533263/5-ways-to-pr event-decision-fatigue-from-ruining-your-productivityTierney, John. â€Å"Do You Suffer From Decision Fatigue?† New York Times (2011, Aug. 17). https://www.nytimes.com/2011/08/21/magazine/do-you-suffer-from-decision-fatigue.htmlWaikar, Sachin. â€Å"When Are Consumers Most Likely to Feel Overwhelmed by Their Options?† Kellogg Insight (2017, Oct. 3). https://insight.kellogg.northwestern.edu/article/what-predicts-consumer-choice-overloadVohs, Kathleen D., et al. Making Choices Impairs Subsequent Self-Control: A Limited-Resource Account of Decision Making, Self-Regulation, and Active Initiative.  Journal of Personality and Social Psychology  94.5 (2008): 883-898. https://psycnet.apa.org/record/2008-04567-010

Book Report (War Without Mercy Race and Power in the...

Maria Lendor Book Report (War Without Mercy: Race and Power in the Pacific War) Throughout the course of history it is apparent that racism is present in most societies. During times of war people of a certain race may choose to segregate themselves in order to become the leading power in their society. In his book, War Without Mercy: Race and Power in the Pacific War published in New York by Pantheon books and copyrighted in 1986, John W. Dower presents arguments for both the United States and Japan which constitute similarities in the belief of a superior race as well as illustrates contradictions on how each side viewed the war. The book begins with â€Å"Part I: Enemies† which is made up of the first 3 chapters. Part I starts off†¦show more content†¦Part II is very interesting during chapter 6 when Dower presents studies conducted by psychologists and other scientists that suggest that the Japanese are mentally inferior to Americans. â€Å"By 1944, a considerable number of social and behavioral scientists had thus turned their attention to Japan†¦they agreed that†¦immaturity was a critical concept in understanding Japanese behavior.†(Page 131) In the last chapter of Part II dower alludes to the history of racism in America. The Chapter is called â€Å"Yellow, Red, and Black Men† which refers to the different groups that the United States oppressed because of the color of their skin. In this chapter Dower relates the racial topic from chapter 6 to the different races oppressed by the United States. In Part II dower uses the hypocrisy of the United States to point out that the United States is not as â€Å"perfect† as they make themselves appear. Dower changes things in Part III by implementing the idea that Japanese racism differentiates from that of American racism in that it does not necessarily have to do with Race. Chapter 8 explains that Japanese racism has more to do with genetics. The Japanese believed themselves to be â€Å"historically purer then other peoples genetically and morally,† and these attributes they associated with theShow MoreRelatedWar Without Mercy, By John W. Dower1166 Words   |  5 PagesOver the course of the almost 4 years that the war in the Pacific took place, both America and Japan created propaganda posters, film, etc. to support their respective war efforts. After the attack on Pearl Harbor, American perceptions of the Japanese was epitomized by racial propaganda that scrutinized their new powerful enemy. Meanwhile Japan sought to keep out the impure Western culture from spreading East by defaming it. Despite these differences, both nations’ utilized similar approaches inRead MoreWar Without Mercy : Race Power2037 Words   |  9 PagesWar Without Mercy: Race Power in the Pacific War by John W. Dower centered around the war in Pacific in World War Two in which the two main antagonists were narrowed to United States and Japan, rather than Allied and Axis Power. The author divided the book into four parts. Part one classified the war as a race war and provided proof and explanation supporting this argument. Part two and part three explored and explained the roots of the racism, sentimentalism that Americans held against JapaneseRead MoreWar Without Mercy, History Paper2432 Words   |  10 PagesNikola Zuber History/ War without Mercy Paper 4/7/12 Wan War without Mercy Research Paper In the book, War without Mercy, Race and Power in the Pacific War, by John W. Dower and Published by Pantheon Books in 1986, the author powerfully illustrates the extreme racial tensions of Japan and the United States and how they affected policies in both countries. During World War II, the altercations between Japan and the United States were often overlooked, since Germany was taking all of the attentionRead More The Malleable Yet Undying Nature of the Yellow Peril Essay2079 Words   |  9 Pagesof apes, lesser men, primitives, children, madmen, and beings who possessed special powers amidst a fear of invasion from the sleeping giant of Asia. Since its inception in the late 19th century, the idea of the Yellow Peril has colored the discourse regarding Asian Americans and has changed back and forth from overt, racist hate, to endearing terms of what Frank Chin describes as racist love. In times of war, competition or economic strife, Asian Americans are the evil enemy; in times o f easeRead MoreInternment of Japanese Americans in World War II Essay2354 Words   |  10 Pagesbase at Pearl Harbor, bringing the United States into World War II (Prange et al., 1981: p.174). On February 19, 1942, United States President Franklin D. Roosevelt issued Executive Order 9066 authorizing the Secretary of War and Military Commanders to prescribe areas of land as excludable military zones (Roosevelt, 1942). Effectively, this order sanctioned the identification, deportation, and internment of innocent Japanese Americans in War Relocation Camps across the western half of the United StatesRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. 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Revised and Expanded Edition E SSAYS ON _ T WENTIETH- C ENTURY H ISTORY Edited by Michael Adas for the American Historical Association TEMPLE UNIVERSITY PRESS PHILADELPHIA TempleRead MoreSepulveda Democrates Alter Essay3879 Words   |  16 Pagesand concludes that evangelization rather than rule should be the basis of the relationship between the two peoples. Excerpts from Democrates Alter Or, on the Just Causes for War Against the Indians Juan Ginà ©s De Sepulveda To His Excellency Don Luis de Mendoza, Count of Tendilla and Marquis of Mondejar 10 Whether the war by means of which the rulers of Spain and our countrymen have brought and are attempting to bring under their domination the barbarian inhabitants, commonly known as Indians,Read MoreA Comparison of the Representation of the Future of The Matrix and Planet of the Apes3441 Words   |  14 PagesOther sci-fi classics include: ‘2001: A Space Odyssey’ (Stanley Kubrick, 1968); ‘Alien’ (Ridley Scott, 1979); ‘Blade Runner’ (Ridley Scott, 1982) and ‘ET’ (Steven Spielberg, 1982). Though they don’t all have aliens or intergalactic wars, they hold criteria applicable to all sci-fi movies, that is they are set in the future or have a vision of the future and/or involve a third kind and show life outside of our own atmosphere. The vast majority of sci-fi films thoughRead MoreDate Rape in the Philippines11669 Words   |  47 PagesChapter I Introduction â€Å"He said he loved me†, â€Å"I woke up without any clothes on, I couldn’t remember†, â€Å"I thought we were friends†. These are just some of the phrases that a lot of rape victims have reiterated. Women that have long been taken advantage of for men’s sexual pleasure, it is the same in every country, not just in the Philippines. Women have been fighting all throughout their history to gain equality, to rise from oppression, to release themselves from male domination, that fight isRead MoreImpact of Science on Society38427 Words   |  154 Pagesof America, an NBC/BBC joint production for the US Bicentennial. Burke’s 10-part television series Connections, which aired in 1979, attracted one of the largest followings ever for a Public Broadcasting Station documentary series, and the companion book was a bestseller in both the UK and the US. The series, which took a year of research and another year to film at more than 100 locations in 2 2 countries, surveyed the history of technology and social change by tracing the evolution of eight major

The Invalidity of the Cosmological Argument Essay - 963 Words

Humans can never know for the certain why the universe was created or what caused it but, we can still create arguments and theories to best explain what might have created the universe. The cosmological argument is another idea to prove the existence of god. Many philosophers debate wheatear the cosmological argument is valid. The cosmological argument starts off quite simply: whatever exists must come from something else. Nothing is the source of its own existences, nothing is self-creating []. The cosmological argument states at some point, the cause and effect sequence must have a beginning. This unexpected phenomenal being is god. According to the argument, god is the initial start of the universe as we know it. Though nothing is†¦show more content†¦The strength of this argument is how it uses god to explain the unexplainable since, we can never know for certain the beginning of time []. This argument however has a few flaws. The argument states that odd are initial ca use and self-creating but, the premises stated nothing is self-creating; therefore god must have a cause. Rationally we should conclude if nothing is the cause of its own existence, god itself cannot just come into existence creating a finite four-dimension universe. This created some controversy and lead debates. David Humes proposed a hypothesis that the material universe has always existed, in which case the sequence of causes and effects go back in time forever. This explanation does not lack an explanation, because the universe did not have an initial start and no end. This argument however proves the cosmological argument wrong, since there is no god, if the cycle of causes and effects goes on forever a beginning does not exist. William Wanwright’s counter argument proposed that the fact that everything has an infinite cause for its creation does not logically follow. The example is given that if the sequence of cause and effect were off on forever humans therefore existed forever. Studies obviously show that this is not the case, committing the fallacy of composition. Fallacy of composition is when parts of a whole are used to prove something about a whole. I agree with Humen’s argument because it

Feminism And Religion free essay sample

Arnold Schwarzenegger is an Austrian actor who has appeared in over 30 films, and has also ventured into directing and producing. He began his acting career primarily with small roles in film and television. For his first film role, he was credited as Arnold Strong, but was credited with his birth name thereafter. He has appeared mainly in action, and comedy films.[1] In addition to films and television, he has appeared in music videos for AC/DC, Bon Jovi, and Guns N Roses.Schwarzenegger has been the primary character in two film franchises: as Conan in the Conan series and as The Terminator in the Terminator series. Other roles include John Matrix in Commando, Ben Richards in The Running Man, Major Alan Dutch Schrieffer in Predator, Douglas Quaid in Total Recall, Jack Slater in Last Action Hero and Harry Tasker in True Lies. Although Schwarzeneggers acting career was put on hold due to his position as Governor of California, he made several cameos in various films, including The Kid I and The Expendables. We will write a custom essay sample on Feminism And Religion or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page [2] On February 11, 2011, Schwarzenegger announced he would return to acting.[3]Schwarzenegger has received several awards and nominations for his work in films. In Stay Hungry, one of his early roles, he won a Golden Globe Award for Best Acting Debut in a Motion Picture. He has also been nominated for various awards for his work in Terminator 2: Judgment Day, Junior, and True Lies. According to Box Office Mojo, a box office revenue tracking website, films in which Schwarzenegger has acted have grossed a total of more than $1.7 billion within the United States, with an average of $67 million per film and total $4.0 billion worldwide.[4] According to The Numbers, another box office revenue tracking website, films in which Schwarzenegger has acted have total grossed around $4.5 billion worldwide.[5]

Oil and Gas Vital Role in Todays Society

Question: Discuss about the term for Oil and Gas of Vital Role in Todays Society. Answer: Introduction Oil and gas play a very vital role in todays society. Oil and gas are most used sources of energy by human beings. Besides being an energy source, they also serve as the raw material for many consumer goods, thus playing a relevant in peoples life. With its positive side, the oil and gas industry has a negative side that it holds a major potential of affecting the environment hazardously. It may impact harmfully at various levels on air, water, soil and the whole clan of living beings. The most dangerous impact of oil and gas industry is pollution which is associated with basically all the stages of oil and gas production. It starts from exploration then it goes to production and in the end distribution. Gas emissions, solid waste, wastewaters, and aerosols generated during drilling, production, and distribution of all types of chemicals and other refined products of oil and gas industry. Other impacts include increase of green house effect, poorer water quality, groundwater contamination, acid rain, and much more. Strong measures need to be taken to control the pollution created by the oil and gas industry. As the most affected by this environmental pollution will be human beings and their coming generation. Issues related with the impacts of oil and gas exploration, production, and distribution Impacts There many impacts of the oil and gas industry on the environment, its impacts on the soil will be discussed here. The first step of oil and gas industry is to search the oil, and that process is known as an exploration of oil and gas. This step includes drilling, exploration of land, and seismic surveys. In short it is the small scale extraction process. In search of oil number of surveys is done on the land and that leave a negative impact on it. Exploration of land create soil pollution; it harms the surface of the earth with the movement of traffic, ground clearing and other crew activities that not only disturbs the earths surface but also the subsurface of the earth. In search of oil, they drill the earth surface hence harming ecological resources also like vegetation, wildlife, biota, and special status species which affect the fertility of soil therefore it leads to soil pollution. During the process of exploration continues, the crew appointed for working on various activities may generate waste like plastic, paper, containers, leaks/spills, paper, and human waste. Also, waste produced by exploratory drilling like mud, drilling fluid, used oil and filters, drill cuttings, scrap metal and garbage causes soil pollution (Fellet, Marder and Patzek, 2014). Once the step of exploration is completed and the company put up the plant to extract the oil and gas from the earths surface, and they are processed in a refinery or at the field plant itself to produce the final product for the consumer. The production of oil and gas leave the maximum negative effects on the environment and creates a lot of soil pollution. Wastes produced by the oil and gas industries, containing petroleum hydrocarbons, naturally occurring radioactive materials, metals, toxic chemicals, and salts, give hazardous effect as they can prevent the growth of vegetation and cause soil pollution. Water released from such industries contains contaminants and concentrated salts which are often disposed of in the ponds, rivers or stored in pits. This contaminated water can stop the growth of vegetation and sterilize the soil. Contaminants entering in soil may not only remain on the surface but seep into the ground water, which may, later on, pollute the other environmental sources too. (Fellet, Marder and Patzek, 2014). After production, oil and gas have to reach to its ultimate consumer. A distribution system is formed to transport the natural oil and gas from one place to another. Tankers and pipelines are generally used to carry oil and gas from one place to another. In the process of transferring oil and gas from one place to another leakage or, in other words, oil spill is the main issue that a distribution system faces which harm the environment. Any kind of leakage affects the vegetation if happened in an agricultural land and also waste the scares natural product which affect the fertility of soil causing soil pollution. If the oil spill or leakage is not cleaned properly, then its layer remains on the surface of the earth, which restricts any kind of growth of vegetation on the land. Even water also not able to seep in properly through the earths surface, which later affects the underground water level (Sykes, 2008). Issues This whole process of exploration, production, and distribution has lot of negative impacts on environment which give birth to many issues related to it. The main issue is the harmful effect of all these processes and due to them the amount of pollution is caused which affect the health of all living species. A number of chemicals are used and released in the process of refining which is later released from these industries either in the nearby water resources, or they are dumped in the pits. These chemicals later on get mixed with the natural resources and reach in the body of living beings. For example contaminated water used for irrigating fields which will not only harm the fertility of the soil creating soil pollution but also the vegetation will have effects of these chemicals which later on will be consumed by the human beings ultimately causing many health issues. These chemicals are making our soil toxic and harmful. It also sterilizes it making it worthless. Measures Measures that can be taken to reduce the impacts of the process o exploration, production, and distribution of oil and gas industry are like the recycling of waste and contaminate water can be done before releasing it as this can harm the environmental sources. Oil from wastewaters and sludge should be recovered to the maximum and clean water should only be released. Phenols, caustics, and solvent should be recovered and reused as they cause a lot of harm to the environmental sources specially soil and water. In a case of emergency, refinery should be prepared to reduce the hazardous effect to the minimum. Corrosion monitoring, control, and prevention of underground pipelines and tank bottoms should be practiced. Leak detention and repair programs should be established. Adopting environment-friendly technology will help in minimizing impacts of petroleum development on the environment. Steps to be taken by the government and oil companies towards environmental restoration. Environmen tal research and management institutions should be developed. Awareness programs to educate public about the environmental restoration should be run. If all these measures are taken into consideration, then not only soil pollution but other pollution level will also decrease. New technology Research and development department of government and oil and gas industries are working hard to come up with some new technologies that may help in reducing the impacts of oil and gas industry. Availability of energy sources to the ultimate consumer globally at nominal prices would be the next step for oil and gas industry. Development and promotion of renewable energy should be the priority to decrease pressure on oil and gas industry and to the scarce natural resources. Renewable energy will help in reducing the impact of oil and gas industry on the environmental sources. The efficiency of the existing fuels available for the consumption should be improved up to twice what at present. Alternative fuels like bioalcohols, biodiesel, green diesel, and biogas should be promoted and used. Developing biofuel to reduce the usage of the scare natural sources and using a waste material for developing such biofuels will definitely help oil and gas industry to remain the leader in the global energy market and also help in reducing its impact on the environment (Longlong and Yifei, 2012). There are many laws stated by the Government to regulate oil and gas industry. Environmental impact assessment is a law that assesses the environmental consequences of the proposed project. Air quality law handles the assessment of polluted released by the industry. Water quality law regulates the release of contaminated water into the water resources. The waste management law keeps a control on the waste storage, transportation, and disposal of all kinds of waste like municipal waste, or hazardous waste. The environmental cleanup law regulates the removal of contaminants and polluted waste into the environmental media. Forestry law controls the land under the forestry regulation. It regulates the burn practices and land acquisition by the industry. Wildlife law regulates the impact of industrial activity on the wildlife (Schmitt, 2007). Sustainability To minimize the harmful effects of the various process of exploration, production and distribution of oil and gas companies and government need to invest in better technology and talent as it will help the oil and gas industry to meet the challenge of sustainability socially, economically and environmentally. Heavy investment in research and development department for new technologies and alternative fuel type is also required. Other actions that the oil and gas industry can take include the implementation of energy-efficient processes and usage of renewable sources of energy will help in attaining sustainability. Introducing and promoting sustainable energy products in the new market. Flaring of gasses should be reduced during production of oil, and the captured gas should be used in other energy initiatives. Development of core competencies and investing in research and development. Public awareness about the availability of sustainable energy product should be an objective of the oil companies. To have a sustained development, it is necessary for oil and gas industry to find fuels that are responsible socially and environmentally. Oil and gas industry produce the maximum share of energy in the global energy market around the world. With the increasing population the standard of living also improve, it demands for more energy. The demand for an alternate energy source will also become bold in the coming future that too at a reasonable cost, thus it is necessary for the industry to be sustainable (Longlong and Yifei, 2012). Issues realated to the economic, social and environmental sustainability All the activities of an oil and gas industries engender high risks, they are working continuously to reduce their adverse impacts on the environment and people (Schneider, Vargo, Campbell 2011). Compensation has to be given to a land for using his land for exploration but many time if a company doesnt found a natural resource they pack their things and move without paying for using the land. This harm the social image of the company. Same way, the waste created by the crew members and the processes is not cleaned and recycled will harm the environment. The greenhouse gas emission and habitat destruction affect the environment badly. Oil spill is the major issue of oil and gas industry, if there is any kind of wastage of precious oil because of leakage then it effect the economy as that much barrels of oil has to be imported for the country. Recommendations To minimize the harmful effects of the various process of exploration, production and distribution of oil and gas companies and government need to invest in better technology and talent as it will help the oil and gas industry to meet the challenge of sustainability socially, economically and environmentally. Heavy investment in research and development department for new technologies and alternative fuel type is also required. Other actions that the oil and gas industry can take includes the implementation of energy efficient processes and usage of renewable sources of energy will help in attaining sustainability. Introducing and promoting sustainable energy products in the new market. Flaring of gasses should be reduced during production of oil, and the captured gas should be used in other energy initiatives. Development of core competencies and investing in research and development. Public awareness about the availability of sustainable energy product should be an objective of the oil companies (Schmitt, 2007). Conclusion Although, the activities of exploration, production and distribution of oil and gas cause alteration to the environment. Means they have significant negative effects on the environment, but some of the effects can be reduced or prevented by taking important steps. New technologies are being invented to reduce the dependence on petroleum products. Petroleum products are an integral part of the modern life because not only for transportation, petroleum products act as a raw material for many other things that are useful in our day to day life like pharmaceuticals, plastics, paints, pesticides, solvents, and cosmetics. With the increased population and advancing technology, the demand for all the products is also increasing many of which include petroleum products. With the increased usage of the petroleum products, the negative impacts will also increase with it. That means, not only all the attention should be paid to increase its efficiency but also how to reduce its hazardous effects. Oil companies should be monitored, for following the rules and regulations set up by the government and it can be done by establishing a monitoring agency for this purpose will help to restrict these oil companies (Sykes, 2008). References Fellet, M., Marder, M. and Patzek, T. (2014). Cement performance impacts integrity of oil and gas wells. MRS Bull., 39(12), pp.1048-1050. Longlong, C. and Yifei, L. (2012). Research on Main Constraints in Sustainable Development of China Oil-Gas Upstream Industry. Energy Procedia, 14, pp.325-330. Schmitt, H. (2007). Environmental politics and the oil and gas industry. Natural Gas, 13(1), pp.13-16. Sykes, R. (2008). Oil and Gas Industry Efforts on Behalf of Human Rights and Sustainable Development. The Way Ahead, 04(02), pp.12-13.a